{"id":161753,"date":"2024-10-19T09:43:21","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T09:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ashrae-standard-90-1-2016-ip\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T02:01:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T02:01:18","slug":"ashrae-standard-90-1-2016-ip","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ashrae\/ashrae-standard-90-1-2016-ip\/","title":{"rendered":"ASHRAE Standard 90.1 2016 IP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Standard 90.1 has been a benchmark for commercial building energy codes in the United States and a key basis for codes and standards around the world for more than 35 years. This standard provides the minimum requirements for energy-efficient design of most buildings, except low-rise residential buildings. It offers, in detail, the minimum energy efficiency requirements for design and construction of new buildings and their systems, new portions of buildings and their systems, and new systems and equipment in existing buildings, as well as criteria for determining compliance with these requirements. It is an indispensable reference for engineers and other professionals involved in design of buildings and building systems. This 2016 edition comprises numerous energy-saving measures and incorporates changes from more than 125 addenda. It also includes the following: Format changes to improve usability and readability: One-column format for easier reading Exceptions separated, indented, and set apart with a smaller font size Italicized defined terms Changes to table formats to provide contrast between rows Structural changes: A new Reference Standard Reproduction Annex 1 is provided at the end of the document. Section 5.1.4 now cites ASHRAE Standard 169 as the source for climatic data, and Annex 1 contains extracts of tables and figures from that standard for the reader\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s convenience. Two new climate zones (0A\/B) have been added to all prescriptive requirements tables. Significant technical content changes: Building Envelope Envelope verification in support of reduced air infiltration and increased requirements for air leakage of overhead coiling doors. Increased stringency requirements for metal building roofs and walls, fenestration, and opaque doors. Improved clarity on defining exterior walls, building orientation, fault assumptions for the effective R-value of air spaces, and calculation procedures for insulating metal building walls. Lighting Modified requirements for exterior and interior lighting power densities to reflect new lighting levels in the IES Lighting Handbook. Modified requirements for lighting control to add additional controls in some space types and options to others to allow easier application of advanced controls. Mechanical Large, electrically driven chilled-water plants are now required to be monitored for electric energy use and efficiency. Dedicated outdoor air systems now include both efficiency and rating requirements for compliance. Requirements are introduced for designs to include both use category and efficiency class. Requirement that air-cooled DX cooling units with economizers have a monitoring system to determine that the air economizer is working properly. Energy Cost Budget (ECB) and Modeling Appendix G now can be used as a path for compliance with the standard. Changes to elevator, motor, and refrigeration baselines; changes to the baseline for existing building projects; and changes to specific opaque assemblies for the baseline envelope model. Modeling rule changes were made to heat pump auxiliary heat, economizer shutoff, lighting controls, humidification systems, cooling towers, and the simulation of preheat coils.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nANSI\/ASHRAE\/IES Standard 90.1-2016 (I-P Edition) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nContents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nForeword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n1. Purpose
1.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n2. Scope
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n3. Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms
3.1 General
3.2 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n3.3 Abbreviations and Acronyms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n4. Administration and Enforcement
4.1 General
4.1.1 Scope
4.1.1.1 New Buildings
4.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings
4.1.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings
4.1.1.4 Replacement of Portions of Existing Buildings
4.1.1.5 Changes in Space Conditioning
4.1.2 Administrative Requirements
4.1.3 Alternative Materials, Methods of Construction, or Design
4.1.4 Validity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n4.1.5 Other Laws
4.1.6 Referenced Standards
4.1.7 Normative Appendices
4.1.8 Informative Appendices
4.1.9 Reference Standard Reproduction Annexes
4.2 Compliance
4.2.1 Compliance Paths
4.2.1.1 New Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n4.2.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings
4.2.1.2.1
4.2.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings
4.2.2 Compliance Documentation
4.2.2.1 Construction Details
4.2.2.2 Supplemental Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n4.2.2.3 Manuals
4.2.3 Labeling of Material and Equipment
4.2.4 Inspections
4.2.5 Verification and Commissioning Reporting
4.2.5.1 Nonconformance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n5. Building Envelope
5.1 General
5.1.1 Scope
5.1.2 Space-Conditioning Categories
5.1.2.1
5.1.2.2
5.1.2.3
5.1.3 Envelope Alterations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n5.1.4 Climate
5.1.4.1 United States Locations
5.1.4.2 International Locations
5.2 Compliance Paths
5.2.1 Compliance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n5.2.2
5.3 Simplified Building (Not Used)
5.4 Mandatory Provisions
5.4.1 Insulation
5.4.2 Fenestration and Doors
5.4.3 Air Leakage
5.4.3.1 Continuous Air Barrier
5.4.3.1.1 Continuous Air Barrier Design
5.4.3.1.2 Continuous Air Barrier Installation
5.4.3.1.3 Testing, Acceptable Materials, and Assemblies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n5.4.3.2 Fenestration and Doors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n5.4.3.3 Loading Dock Weatherseals
5.4.3.4 Vestibules <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n5.4.3.4.1
5.5 Prescriptive Building Envelope Option
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.3 Opaque Areas
5.5.3.1 Roof Insulation
5.5.3.1.1 Roof Solar Reflectance and Thermal Emittance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n5.5.3.2 Above-Grade Wall Insulation
5.5.3.3 Below-Grade Wall Insulation
5.5.3.4 Floor Insulation
5.5.3.5 Slab-on-Grade Floor Insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n5.5.3.6 Opaque Doors
5.5.4 Fenestration
5.5.4.1 General
5.5.4.2 Fenestration Area
5.5.4.2.1 Vertical Fenestration Area
5.5.4.2.2 Maximum Skylight Fenestration Area
5.5.4.2.3 Minimum Skylight Fenestration Area <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n5.5.4.3 Fenestration U-Factor
5.5.4.4 Fenestration Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
5.5.4.4.1 SHGC of Vertical Fenestration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n5.5.4.4.2 SHGC of Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n5.5.4.5 Fenestration Orientation
5.5.4.6 Visible Transmittance\/SHGC Ratio <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n5.6 Building Envelope Trade-Off Option
5.6.1
5.6.1.1
5.6.1.2 Trade-Offs Limited to Building Permit
5.6.1.3
5.7 Submittals
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Submittal Document Labeling of Space-Conditioning Categories
5.7.3 Visible Transmittance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n5.7.4 Submittal Documentation of Daylight Areas
5.8 Product Information and Installation Requirements
5.8.1 Insulation
5.8.1.1 Labeling of Building Envelope Insulation
5.8.1.2 Compliance with Manufacturers\u2019 Requirements
5.8.1.3 Loose-Fill Insulation Limitation
5.8.1.4 Baffles
5.8.1.5 Substantial Contact
5.8.1.6 Recessed Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n5.8.1.7 Insulation Protection
5.8.1.7.1
5.8.1.7.2
5.8.1.7.3
5.8.1.8 Location of Roof Insulation
5.8.1.9 Extent of Insulation
5.8.1.10 Joints in Rigid Insulation
5.8.2 Fenestration and Doors
5.8.2.1 Rating of Fenestration Products
5.8.2.2 Labeling of Fenestration and Door Products
5.8.2.3 U-Factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n5.8.2.4 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
5.8.2.5 Visible Transmittance
5.9 Inspection and Verification
5.9.1 Inspections
5.9.1.1 Inspection of Fenestration and Door Requirements
5.9.1.2 Inspection of Loading Dock Weatherseals
5.9.1.3 Inspection of Opaque Building Envelope Air Tightness Requirements
5.9.1.4 Fenestration Inspections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n5.9.2 Verification
5.9.2.1 Building Envelope Performance Verification
5.9.2.2 Air Leakage Verification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n6. Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
6.1 General
6.1.1 Scope
6.1.1.1 New Buildings
6.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings
6.1.1.3 Alterations to Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration in Existing Buildings
6.1.1.3.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n6.1.1.3.2
6.1.1.3.3
6.1.1.3.4
6.1.1.3.5
6.1.2 Climate
6.2 Compliance Paths
6.2.1 Compliance
6.2.2
6.3 Simplified Approach Option for HVAC Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n6.3.1 Scope
6.3.2 Criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n6.4 Mandatory Provisions
6.4.1 Equipment Efficiencies, Verification, and Labeling Requirements
6.4.1.1 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies\u2014Listed Equipment\u2014Standard Rating and Operating Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n6.4.1.2 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies\u2014Listed Equipment\u2014Nonstandard Conditions
6.4.1.2.1 Water-Cooled Centrifugal Chilling Packages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n6.4.1.2.2 Positive Displacement (Air- and Water-Cooled) Chilling Packages
6.4.1.3 Equipment Not Listed
6.4.1.4 Verification of Equipment Efficiencies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n6.4.1.5 Labeling
6.4.1.5.1 Mechanical Equipment
6.4.1.5.2 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners
6.4.2 Calculations
6.4.2.1 Load Calculations
6.4.2.2 Pump Head
6.4.3 Controls and Diagnostics
6.4.3.1 Zone Thermostatic Controls
6.4.3.1.1 General
6.4.3.1.2 Dead Band
6.4.3.2 Set-Point Overlap Restriction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n6.4.3.3 Off-Hour Controls
6.4.3.3.1 Automatic Shutdown
6.4.3.3.2 Setback Controls
6.4.3.3.3 Optimum Start Controls
6.4.3.3.4 Zone Isolation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n6.4.3.3.5 Automatic Control of HVAC in Hotel\/Motel Guest Rooms
6.4.3.3.5.1 Guest Room HVAC Set-Point Control
6.4.3.3.5.2 Guest Room Ventilation Control
6.4.3.3.5.3 Automatic Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n6.4.3.4 Ventilation System Controls
6.4.3.4.1 Stair and Shaft Vents
6.4.3.4.2 Shutoff Damper Controls
6.4.3.4.3 Damper Leakage
6.4.3.4.4 Ventilation Fan Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\n6.4.3.4.5 Enclosed Parking Garage Ventilation
6.4.3.5 Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Control
6.4.3.6 Humidification and Dehumidification
6.4.3.7 Freeze Protection and Snow\/Ice Melting Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n6.4.3.8 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas
6.4.3.9 Heated or Cooled Vestibules
6.4.3.10 Direct Digital Control (DDC) Requirements
6.4.3.10.1 DDC Applications
6.4.3.10.2 DDC Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n6.4.3.10.3 DDC Display
6.4.3.11 Chilled-Water Plant Monitoring
6.4.3.11.1 Monitoring
6.4.3.11.2 Electric-Motor-Driven Chiller System Recording and Reporting
6.4.3.12 Economizer Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n6.4.4 HVAC System Construction and Insulation
6.4.4.1 Insulation
6.4.4.1.1 General
6.4.4.1.2 Duct and Plenum Insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n6.4.4.1.3 Piping Insulation
6.4.4.1.4 Sensible Heating Panel Insulation
6.4.4.1.5 Radiant Floor Heating
6.4.4.2 Ductwork and Plenum Leakage
6.4.4.2.1 Duct Sealing
6.4.4.2.2 Duct Leakage Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n6.4.5 Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers
6.4.6 Refrigerated Display Case <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n6.5 Prescriptive Path
6.5.1 Economizers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\n6.5.1.1 Air Economizers
6.5.1.1.1 Design Capacity
6.5.1.1.2 Control Signal <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n6.5.1.1.3 High-Limit Shutoff
6.5.1.1.4 Dampers
6.5.1.1.5 Relief of Excess Outdoor Air
6.5.1.1.6 Sensor Accuracy
6.5.1.2 Fluid Economizers
6.5.1.2.1 Design Capacity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n6.5.1.2.2 Maximum Hydronic Pressure Drop
6.5.1.3 Integrated Economizer Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n6.5.1.4 Economizer Heating System Impact
6.5.1.5 Economizer Humidification System Impact
6.5.2 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling Limitation
6.5.2.1 Zone Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n6.5.2.1.1 Supply Air Temperature Reheat Limit
6.5.2.2 Hydronic System Controls
6.5.2.2.1 Three-Pipe System
6.5.2.2.2 Two-Pipe Changeover System
6.5.2.2.3 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pump Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n6.5.2.3 Dehumidification
6.5.2.4 Humidification
6.5.2.4.1
6.5.2.4.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\n6.5.2.5 Preheat Coils
6.5.2.6 Ventilation Air Heating Control
6.5.3 Air System Design and Control
6.5.3.1 Fan System Power and Efficiency
6.5.3.1.1
6.5.3.1.2 Motor Nameplate Horsepower
6.5.3.1.3 Fan Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n6.5.3.2 Fan Control
6.5.3.2.1 Supply Fan Airflow Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\n6.5.3.2.2 VAV Static Pressure Sensor Location
6.5.3.2.3 VAV Set-Point Reset
6.5.3.2.4 Return and Relief Fan Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\n6.5.3.3 Multiple-Zone VAV System Ventilation Optimization Control
6.5.3.4 Parallel-Flow Fan-Powered VAV Air Terminal Control
6.5.3.5 Supply Air Temperature Reset Controls
6.5.3.6 Fractional Horsepower Fan Motors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n6.5.3.7 Ventilation Design
6.5.4 Hydronic System Design and Control
6.5.4.1 Boiler Turndown
6.5.4.2 Hydronic Variable Flow Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\n6.5.4.3 Chiller and Boiler Isolation
6.5.4.3.1
6.5.4.3.2
6.5.4.4 Chilled- and Hot-Water Temperature Reset Controls
6.5.4.5 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pumps and Water-Cooled Unitary Air Conditioners
6.5.4.5.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\n6.5.4.5.2
6.5.4.6 Pipe Sizing
6.5.4.7 Chilled-Water Coil Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\n6.5.5 Heat-Rejection Equipment
6.5.5.1 General
6.5.5.2 Fan Speed Control
6.5.5.2.1
6.5.5.2.2
6.5.5.3 Limitation on Centrifugal Fan Open-Circuit Cooling Towers
6.5.5.4 Tower Flow Turndown
6.5.6 Energy Recovery <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\n6.5.6.1 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery
6.5.6.2 Heat Recovery for Service Water Heating
6.5.6.2.1
6.5.6.2.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\n6.5.7 Exhaust Systems
6.5.7.1 Transfer Air <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\n6.5.7.2 Kitchen Exhaust Systems
6.5.7.2.1
6.5.7.2.2
6.5.7.2.3
6.5.7.2.4 Performance Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n6.5.7.3 Laboratory Exhaust Systems
6.5.8 Radiant Heating Systems
6.5.8.1 Heating Unenclosed Spaces
6.5.8.2 Heating Enclosed Spaces
6.5.9 Hot-Gas Bypass Limitation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\n6.5.10 Door Switches
6.5.11 Refrigeration Systems
6.5.11.1 Condensers Serving Refrigeration Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\n6.5.11.2 Compressor Systems
6.6 Alternative Compliance Path
6.6.1 Computer Rooms Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\n6.6.1.1
6.6.1.2
6.6.1.3
6.7 Submittals
6.7.1 General
6.7.2 Completion Requirements
6.7.2.1 Drawings
6.7.2.2 Manuals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n6.7.2.3 System Balancing
6.7.2.3.1 General
6.7.2.3.2 Air System Balancing
6.7.2.3.3 Hydronic System Balancing
6.7.2.4 System Commissioning
6.8 Minimum Equipment Efficiency Tables
6.8.1 Minimum Efficiency Requirement Listed Equipment\u2014 Standard Rating and Operating Conditions
6.8.2 Duct Insulation Tables
6.8.3 Piping Insulation Tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\n7. Service Water Heating
7.1 General
7.1.1 Service Water-Heating Scope
7.1.1.1 New Buildings
7.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings
7.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings
7.2 Compliance Paths
7.2.1 Compliance
7.2.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\n7.3 Simplified\/Small Building Option (Not Used)
7.4 Mandatory Provisions
7.4.1 Load Calculations
7.4.2 Equipment Efficiency
7.4.3 Service Hot-Water Piping Insulation
7.4.4 Service Water-Heating System Controls
7.4.4.1 Temperature Controls
7.4.4.2 Temperature Maintenance Controls
7.4.4.3 Outlet Temperature Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\n7.4.4.4 Circulating Pump Controls
7.4.5 Pools
7.4.5.1 Pool Heaters
7.4.5.2 Pool Covers
7.4.5.3 Time Switches
7.4.6 Heat Traps
7.5 Prescriptive Path
7.5.1 Space Heating and Service Water Heating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\n7.5.2 Service Water-Heating Equipment
7.5.3 Buildings with High-Capacity Service Water-Heating Systems
7.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used)
7.7 Submittals
7.7.1 General
7.8 Product Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\n8. Power
8.1 General
8.1.1 Scope
8.1.2 New Buildings
8.1.3 Addition to Existing Buildings
8.1.4 Alterations to Existing Buildings
8.1.4.1
8.1.4.2
8.2 Compliance Paths
8.2.1 Compliance
8.3 Simplified\/Small Building Option (Not Used)
8.4 Mandatory Provisions
8.4.1 Voltage Drop <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
140<\/td>\n8.4.2 Automatic Receptacle Control
8.4.3 Electrical Energy Monitoring
8.4.3.1 Monitoring
8.4.3.2 Recording and Reporting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\n8.4.4 Low-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\n8.5 Prescriptive Path (Not Used)
8.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used)
8.7 Submittals
8.7.1 Drawings
8.7.2 Manuals
8.8 Product Information (Not Used) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\n9. Lighting
9.1 General
9.1.1 Scope
9.1.2 Lighting Alterations
9.1.3 Installed Lighting Power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\n9.1.4 Interior and Exterior Luminaire Wattage
9.1.5 Climate
9.2 Compliance
9.2.1 Compliance Paths
9.2.2 Prescriptive Requirements
9.2.2.1 Building Area Method
9.2.2.2 Space-by-Space Method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\n9.2.2.3 Interior Lighting Power
9.3 (Not Used)
9.4 Mandatory Provisions
9.4.1 Lighting Control
9.4.1.1 Interior Lighting Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\n9.4.1.2 Parking Garage Lighting Control
9.4.1.3 Special Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\n9.4.1.4 Exterior Lighting Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\n9.4.2 Exterior Building Lighting Power
9.4.3 Functional Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\n9.4.4 Dwelling Units
9.5 Building Area Method Compliance Path
9.5.1 Building Area Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance
9.6 Alternative Compliance Path: Space-by-Space Method
9.6.1 Space-by-Space Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\n9.6.2 Additional Interior Lighting Power
9.6.3 Additional Interior Lighting Power Using Nonmandatory Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\n9.6.4 Room Geometry Adjustment
9.7 Submittals
9.7.1 General
9.7.2 Completion Requirements
9.7.2.1 Drawings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\n9.7.2.2 Manuals
9.7.2.3 Daylighting Documentation
9.8 Product Information (Not Used) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\n10. Other Equipment
10.1 General
10.1.1 Scope
10.1.1.1 New Buildings
10.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings
10.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings
10.1.1.3.1
10.1.1.3.2
10.2 Compliance Paths
10.2.1 Compliance
10.2.2
10.3 Simplified\/Small Building Option (Not Used)
10.4 Mandatory Provisions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\n10.4.1 Electric Motors
10.4.2 Service Water Pressure-Booster Systems
10.4.3 Elevators
10.4.3.1 Lighting
10.4.3.2 Ventilation Power Limitation
10.4.3.3 Standby Mode
10.4.3.4 Design Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\n10.4.4 Escalators and Moving Walks
10.4.5 Whole-Building Energy Monitoring
10.4.5.1 Monitoring
10.4.5.2 Recording and Reporting
10.5 Prescriptive Compliance Path (Not Used)
10.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used)
10.7 Submittals (Not Used)
10.8 Product Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
173<\/td>\n11. Energy Cost Budget Method
11.1 General
11.1.1 Energy Cost Budget Method Scope
11.1.2 Trade-Offs Limited to Building Permit
11.1.3 Envelope Limitation
11.2 Compliance
11.3 Simplified Option (Not Used) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\n11.4 Simulation General Requirements
11.4.1 Simulation Program
11.4.1.1
11.4.1.2
11.4.1.3
11.4.1.4
11.4.2 Climatic Data
11.4.3 Renewable, Recovered, and Purchased Energy
11.4.3.1 On-Site Renewable Energy and Site-Recovered Energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\n11.4.3.2 Annual Energy Costs
11.4.4 Compliance Calculations
11.4.5 Exceptional Calculation Methods
11.5 Calculation of Design Energy Cost and Energy Cost Budget
11.5.1
11.5.2 HVAC Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\n11.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used)
11.7 Documentation Requirements
11.8 Product Information (Not Used) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\nNormative Appendix A\u2014Rated R-Value of Insulation and Assembly U-Factor, C-Factor, and F-Factor Determinations
A1 General
A1.1 Precalculated Assembly U-Factors, C-Factors, F-Factors, or Heat Capacities
A1.2 Applicant-Determined Assembly U-Factors, C-Factors, F-Factors, or Heat Capacities
A2 Roofs
A2.1 General
A2.2 Roofs with Insulation Entirely Above Deck
A2.2.1 General
A2.2.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation
A2.2.3 U-Factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
192<\/td>\nA2.3 Metal Building Roofs
A2.3.1 General
A2.3.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation
A2.3.2.1 Single Layer
A2.3.2.2 Double Layer
A2.3.2.3 Continuous Insulation
A2.3.2.4 Liner System (Ls)
A2.3.2.5 Filled Cavity
A2.3.3 U-Factors for Metal Building Roofs
A2.4 Attic Roofs with Wood Joists
A2.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
193<\/td>\nA2.4.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation
A2.4.2.1
A2.4.2.2
A2.4.2.3
A2.4.2.4
A2.4.3 U-Factors for Attic Roofs with Wood Joists
A2.5 Attic Roofs with Steel Joists
A2.5.1 General
A2.5.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\nA3 Above-Grade Walls
A3.1 Mass Wall
A3.1.1 General
A3.1.2 Mass Wall Rated R-Value of Insulation
A3.1.2.1
A3.1.2.2
A3.1.2.3
A3.1.2.4
A3.1.3 Mass Wall U-Factor
A3.1.3.1
A3.1.3.2 Determination of Mass Wall U-Factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\nA3.2 Metal Building Walls
A3.2.1 General
A3.2.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Metal Building Walls
A3.2.2.1 Single-Layer Compressed
A3.2.2.2 Continuous Insulation
A3.2.2.3 Single-Layer in Cavity
A3.2.2.4 Double-Layer
A3.2.3 U-Factors for Metal Building Walls
A3.3 Steel-Framed Walls
A3.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nA3.3.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Steel-Framed Walls
A3.3.2.1
A3.3.2.2
A3.3.2.3
A3.3.3 U-Factors for Steel-Framed Walls
A3.3.3.1
A3.3.3.2
A3.3.3.3
A3.3.3.4
A3.4 Wood-Framed Walls
A3.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\nA3.4.2 Rated R-value of Insulation for Wood-Framed and Other Walls
A3.4.2.1
A3.4.2.2
A3.4.3 U-Factors for Wood-Framed Walls
A3.4.3.1
A3.4.3.2
A3.4.3.3
A3.4.3.4 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\nA4 Below-Grade Walls
A4.1 General
A4.2 C-Factors for Below-Grade Walls
A4.2.1
A4.2.2
A4.2.3
A5 Floors
A5.1 General
A5.2 Mass Floors
A5.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
216<\/td>\nA5.2.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Mass Floors
A5.2.2.1
A5.2.2.2
A5.2.2.3
A5.2.2.4
A5.2.3 U-Factors for Mass Floors
A5.2.3.1
A5.2.3.2
A5.3 Steel-Joist Floors
A5.3.1 General
A5.3.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Steel-Joist Floors
A5.3.2.1
A5.3.2.2
A5.3.3 U-Factors for Steel-Joist Floors
A5.3.3.1
A5.3.3.2
A5.4 Wood-Framed and Other Floors
A5.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
217<\/td>\nA5.4.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Wood-Framed and Other Floors
A5.4.2.1
A5.4.2.2
A5.4.3 U-Factors for Wood-Framed Floors
A5.4.3.1
A5.4.3.2
A6 Slab-on-Grade Floors
A6.1 General
A6.2 Rated R-Value of Insulation for Slab-on-Grade Floors
A6.2.1
A6.2.2
A6.2.3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\nA6.3 F-Factors for Slab-on-Grade Floors
A6.3.1
A6.3.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\nA7 Opaque Doors
A7.1 Unlabeled Opaque Doors
A8 Fenestration
A8.1 Unlabeled Skylights
A8.2 Unlabeled Vertical Fenestration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nA9 Determination of Alternate Assembly U-Factors, C-Factors, F-Factors, or Heat Capacities
A9.1 General
A9.2 Required Procedures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
230<\/td>\nA9.3 Testing Procedures
A9.3.1 Building Material Thermal Properties
A9.3.2 Assembly U-Factors
A9.4 Calculation Procedures and Assumptions
A9.4.1 Air Films
A9.4.1.1
A9.4.1.2
A9.4.1.3
A9.4.2 Air Spaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
231<\/td>\nA9.4.3 Insulation R-Values
A9.4.4 Building Material Thermal Properties
A9.4.5 Building Material Heat Capacities
A9.4.6 Metal Building U-Factor Equations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nA9.4.6.1 Single-Layer Roof and Single-Layer Compressed Wall <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nA9.4.6.2 Double-Layer Roof <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
237<\/td>\nA9.4.6.3 Single-Layer in Cavity and Double-Layer Walls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
247<\/td>\nInformative Appendix B\u2014(Retained for Future Use) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\nNormative Appendix C\u2014Methodology for Building Envelope Trade-Off Option in Section 5.6
C1 Minimum Information
C1.1 At the Building Level
C1.2 At the Exterior and Semiexterior Surface Level
C1.2.1 For Roofs
C1.2.2 For Above-Grade Walls
C1.2.3 For Below-Grade Walls
C1.2.4 For Floors
C1.2.5 For Slab-on-Grade Floors
C1.2.6 For Uninsulated Assemblies
C1.3 For Opaque Doors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\nC1.4 For Fenestration
C2 Output Requirements
C2.1
C2.2
C2.3
C2.4
C2.5
C2.6
C2.7
C2.8
C3 Simulation General Requirements
C3.1 Simulation Program <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nC3.1.1
C3.1.2
C3.1.3
C3.1.4
C3.2 Climatic Data
C3.2.1 Surface Exposure
C3.3 Purchased Energy Rates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\nC3.4 Compliance Calculations
C3.5 Calculation of Proposed Envelope Performance Factor
C3.5.1 Space-Conditioning
C3.5.2 Model Geometry and Thermal Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
253<\/td>\nC3.5.3 Daylight Area and Photosensor Location
C3.5.4 Schedules
C3.5.5 Building Envelope
C3.5.5.1 Shading <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\nC3.5.5.2 Dynamic Glazing
C3.5.5.3 Air Leakage
C3.5.5.3.1 Infiltration Schedule
C3.5.6 Interior Surfaces
C3.5.7 Lighting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
255<\/td>\nC3.5.8 HVAC Systems
C3.5.9 Miscellaneous Loads
C3.5.10 Occupant Density
C3.5.11 Heat Gain from Occupants
C3.6 Calculation of Base Envelope Performance Factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
257<\/td>\nInformative Appendix D\u2014(Retained for Future Use) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
259<\/td>\nInformative Appendix E\u2014Informative References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
263<\/td>\nInformative Appendix F\u2014U.S. Department of Energy Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements
F1 DOE Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements for Single-Phase Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps
F2 DOE Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements for Water Heaters
F3 DOE Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements for Pool Heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
267<\/td>\nNormative Appendix G\u2014Performance Rating Method
G1 General
G1.1 Performance Rating Method Scope
G1.2 Performance Rating
G1.2.1 Mandatory Provisions
G1.2.2 Performance Rating Calculation
G1.3 Documentation Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
268<\/td>\nG2 Simulation General Requirements
G2.1 Performance Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
269<\/td>\nG2.2 Simulation Program
G2.2.1
G2.2.2
G2.2.3
G2.2.4
G2.3 Climatic Data
G2.4 Renewable, Recovered, and Purchased Energy
G2.4.1 On-Site Renewable Energy and Site-Recovered Energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
278<\/td>\nG2.4.2 Annual Energy Costs
G2.5 Exceptional Calculation Methods
G3 Calculation of the Proposed Design and Baseline Building Performance
G3.1 Building Performance Calculations
G3.1.1 Baseline HVAC System Type and Description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
279<\/td>\nG3.1.1.1 Purchased Heat
G3.1.1.2 Purchased Chilled Water
G3.1.1.3 Baseline HVAC System Requirements for Systems Utilizing Purchased Chilled Water and\/or Purchased Heat
G3.1.1.3.1 Purchased Heat Only <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
280<\/td>\nG3.1.1.3.2 Purchased Chilled Water Only
G3.1.1.3.3 Purchased Chilled Water and Purchased Heat
G3.1.1.3.4 On-Site Distribution Pumps
G3.1.1.4 Modeling Building Envelope Infiltration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
281<\/td>\nG3.1.2 General Baseline HVAC System Requirements
G3.1.2.1 Equipment Efficiencies
G3.1.2.2 Equipment Capacities
G3.1.2.2.1 Sizing Runs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
282<\/td>\nG3.1.2.3 Unmet Loads
G3.1.2.4 Fan System Operation
G3.1.2.5 Ventilation
G3.1.2.6 Economizers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
283<\/td>\nG3.1.2.6.1 Computer Room Economizers
G3.1.2.7 Economizer High-Limit Shutoff
G3.1.2.8 Design Airflow Rates
G3.1.2.8.1 Baseline All System Types Except System Types 9 and 10
G3.1.2.8.2 Baseline System Types 9 and 10
G3.1.2.9 System Fan Power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
284<\/td>\nG3.1.2.9.1
G3.1.2.10 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery
G3.1.3 System-Specific Baseline HVAC System Requirements
G3.1.3.1 Heat Pumps (Systems 2 and 4) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
285<\/td>\nG3.1.3.2 Type and Number of Boilers (Systems 1, 5, and 7)
G3.1.3.3 Hot-Water Supply Temperature (Systems 1, 5, 7, and 12)
G3.1.3.4 Hot-Water Supply Temperature Reset (Systems 1, 5, 7, 11, and 12)
G3.1.3.5 Hot-Water Pumps
G3.1.3.6 Piping Losses (Systems 1, 5, 7, 8, and 11)
G3.1.3.7 Type and Number of Chillers (Systems 7, 8, 11, 12, and 13)
G3.1.3.8 Chilled-Water Design Supply Temperature (Systems 7, 8, 11, 12, and 13)
G3.1.3.9 Chilled-Water Supply Temperature Reset (Systems 7, 8, 11, 12, and 13) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
286<\/td>\nG3.1.3.10 Chilled-Water Pumps (Systems 7, 8, and 11)
G3.1.3.11 Heat Rejection (Systems 7, 8, 9, 12, and 13)
G3.1.3.12 Supply Air Temperature Reset (Systems 5 through 8)
G3.1.3.13 VAV Minimum Flow Set Points (Systems 5 and 7) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\nG3.1.3.14 Fan Power and Control (Systems 6 and 8)
G3.1.3.15 VAV Fan Part-Load Performance (Systems 5 through 8 and 11)
G3.1.3.16 Computer Room Equipment Schedules
G3.1.3.17 System 11 Supply Air Temperature and Fan Control
G3.1.3.18 Dehumidification (Systems 3 through 8 and 11, 12, and 13)
G3.1.3.19 Preheat Coils (Systems 5 through 8) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
309<\/td>\nInformative Appendix H\u2014Addenda Description Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
319<\/td>\nAnnex 1\u2014Reference Standard Reproduction Annex\u2014ASHRAE Standard 169 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016 (I-P Edition) — Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ANSI Approved; IES Co-sponsored)<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ASHRAE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2016<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":161760,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2719],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-161753","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ashrae","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/161753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/161760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=161753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=161753"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=161753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}