BS EN ISO 3405:2019
$189.07
Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic sources. Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2019 | 50 |
This document specifies a laboratory method for the determination of the distillation characteristics of light and middle distillates derived from petroleum and related products of synthetic or biological origin with initial boiling points above 0 °C and end-points below approximately 400 °C, utilizing either manual or automated equipment. Light distillates are typically automotive engine petrol, automotive engine ethanol fuel blends with up to 85 % (V/V) ethanol, and aviation petrol. Middle distillates are typically aviation turbine fuel, kerosene, diesel, diesel with up to 30 % (V/V) FAME, burner fuel, and marine fuels that have no appreciable quantities of residua.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the term “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction of a material.
The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and related products of synthetic or biological origin have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives important information on composition and behaviour during storage and use, and the rate of evaporation is an important factor in the application of many solvents. Limiting values to specified distillation characteristics are applied to most distillate petroleum product and liquid fuel specifications in order to control end-use performance and to regulate the formation of vapours which may form explosive mixtures with air, or otherwise escape into the atmosphere as emissions (VOC).
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | National foreword |
| 4 | European foreword |
| 7 | Foreword |
| 9 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions |
| 11 | 4 Principle 5 Apparatus 5.1 General |
| 12 | 5.2 Distillation flasks 5.3 Condenser tube and cooling bath 5.4 Metal shield or enclosure for flask (manual apparatus only) |
| 16 | 5.5 Heat source(s) 5.6 Flask-support |
| 17 | 5.7 Graduated cylinders |
| 18 | 5.8 Temperature measurement system 5.9 Centring device 5.10 Barometer |
| 20 | 6 Samples and sampling 6.1 Sample grouping 6.2 Sample maintenance prior to testing 6.2.1 General |
| 21 | 6.2.2 Groups 1 and 2 6.2.3 Groups 3 and 4 6.3 Removing water from sample 6.3.1 General |
| 22 | 6.3.2 Groups 1 and 2 6.3.3 Groups 3 and 4 7 Preparation of apparatus |
| 24 | 8 Apparatus verification 8.1 Level follower 8.2 Electronic temperature-measurement devices |
| 25 | 8.3 Electronic pressure measuring device 9 Procedure — Manual apparatus |
| 27 | 10 Procedure — Automated apparatus |
| 29 | 11 Calculations |
| 32 | 12 Expression of results |
| 33 | 13 Precision (Manual Apparatus) 13.1 General |
| 34 | 13.2 Repeatability 13.3 Reproducibility |
| 35 | 14 Precision (automated apparatus) 14.1 General 14.2 Repeatability 14.3 Reproducibility |
| 37 | 14.4 Bias 14.4.1 Bias 14.4.2 Relative bias 15 Test report |
| 38 | Annex A (normative) Thermometer specifications |
| 39 | Annex B (normative) Determination of temperature-sensor lag times |
| 40 | Annex C (normative) Determination of specified distillation data |
| 42 | Annex D (informative) Examples of data calculations |
| 45 | Annex E (informative) Emulation of emergent-stem errors |
| 46 | Annex F (informative) Examples of a test report |
| 48 | Bibliography |
