API PUBL 932-A-2002

$44.85

A Study of Corrosion in Hydro Process Reactor Effluent Air Cooler Systems

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
API	2002	64

Guaranteed Safe Checkout

Category: API

If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to our online customer service team by clicking on the bottom right corner. We’re here to assist you 24/7.
Email:[email protected]

Description

The treatment of crude distillation products with hydrogen to produce higher yields of gasoline and jet fuel became a major part of refinery technology with the introduction of hydrocracking in the 1950s. Later, other hydrofining processes for removal of impurities from products were introduced. These technologies all had similar corrosion experiences that eventually were identified as being associated with the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3), and their reaction product ammonium bisulfide (NH4HS), in the reactor effluents. Minor contaminants such as chlorides and oxygen were also believed to have an influence on corrosion. But in general, corrosion was associated with salt deposition, concentrated solutions of ammonium bisulfide and the flow velocity.

In 1976, R. L. Piehl (Standard Oil of California) conducted a survey for the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) on corrosion in Reactor Effluent Air Cooler (REAC) systems. Industry-wide experience was gathered and analyzed to establish guidelines to minimize REAC corrosion. In 1996, Unocal/UOP conducted an extensive survey of their licensees world wide. Their conclusions confirmed the validity of the original parametric guidelines and contributed to the importance of certain design features in avoiding corrosion problems. Since the earlier survey, failures have continued to occur and while it is believed that most have resulted from operation outside of the guidelines, there has been no systematic study of the experience or open documentation of individual events.

Additional information